With special reference to the works of Ulrich Oevermann and Fritz Schütze, this book outlines the dense foundations of the logic of reconstructive social research from the perspective of structural hermeneutics. In this context, the author’s explanations focus on the social ontological prerequisites of the aforementioned methodology. Against the background of aspects of knowledge theory and science theory, the study emphasises the appropriate theory of the embedded subject in relation to the world around it and, in doing so, synthesises structuralism and hermeneutics. In this context, sociological theory cannot be appropriately understood without psychoanalysis of the deep mechanisms of the intra-individual work apparatus.