The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate the lack of consensus and uniformity of police procedures and techniques that involve criminal procedural steps to identify suspects through the so-called atypical olfactory and object recognitions, and their normative disagreement with the recommendations that the science of witness psychology has been advocating, contributing to a better understanding of this specific phenomenon by criminal investigators and the other judicial community. Robust criminal investigation practices supported by science guarantee the inviolability of the custody of criminal procedural evidence. Having defined the object of study and the investigation problem, a qualitative investigation strategy was adopted, through a case study research design, whose analysis of reality was based on the data obtained from the bibliographic review carried out. We concluded that it is essential to the police implement in these procedural acts, protocols composed of technical procedures based on science (e.g., contemplation of a suitable diligence administrator, video recording of procedural acts, legislative changes that make it possible to choose the type of alignment to use and the return of the autonomization of photographic and videographic recognition as a means of proof), so that the memory and perception of the witness is not influenced by a set of variables and, in this way, contribute to a greater awareness of the problem, to the creation of an odor database, among others that will ultimately lead to a paradigm shift in criminal investigation.