Combustion reaction has been widely used in many aspects that kept modern life developing at such a desirable pace. In all combustion applications, the burning of fossil fuels has the most prominent world-wide implication in today’s economic size and strength. This article provides information about fuel combustion, its development and applications in modern society, and its impacts on the environment. The essay also points out that as the most commonly-applied combustion, fossil fuel burning has been one of the culprits of many environmental problems, such as climate change and pollution. Under these conditions, some instant actions should be taken to relieve or even stop the negative impacts of fossil fuel combustion. In addition to official policies, environmental problems should also be solved and addressed with technological innovations in saving energy, which can truly help and facilitate a long-term sustainable development. Oxy-fuel is one of the advanced technologies for clean and highly efficient utilization of fossil fuels that can be used to release the adverse influence of fossil fuel combustion.