Since the Renaissance, a growing distance has been established between history and the exact sciences that has only been limited since about 1900. In this article, we will see in its broad lines what has happened since the so-called Scientific Revolution gave vigor to mathematics, physics or astronomy, compared to other disciplines more linked to the temporal dimension. Specifically, we will highlight the comparison between the exact sciences (or space sciences) and history (or science of time) from the 16th century to the present.