Hemicycliophora conida (Fig. 7 D–F) Measurements. See Table 14. Remarks. Hemicycliophora conida was described from sugar beet in Ireland (Thorne 1955). It has been documented in Belgium, England, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland (Loof 1968; Brzeski 1974), Iran (Loof 1984), Spain (Castillo et al. 1989), South Africa (Van den Berg 1981), and UK (Spaull & Mewton 1982). In the present study, H. conida was detected in five counties in NC and SC. It was found in bermudagrass fairways and tees in SC and bentgrass putting greens and tees in NC. It was not found in zoysiagrass in either state. The morphology and morphometrics of the identified population did not differ from other populations (Loof 1968). Hemicycliophora conida was divided into two morphological forms (Forms I and II) differing in the number of annuli (230 or more vs 180 to 220), the excretory pore position (about 50 annuli from the head vs 40), female stylet length (average about 90 vs 80 µm), and spicule length (23 vs 19 µm). These forms were regarded as conspecific (Loof 1968). The type populations were Form II. The populations in this study were primarily Form I. This is the first record of H. conida from turfgrasses in NC and SC.

Published as part of Zeng, Yongsan, Ye, Weimin, Tredway, Lane, Martin, Samuel & Martin, Matt, 2012, Taxonomy and morphology of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with turfgrasses in North and South Carolina, USA, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3452 on page 29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210165