KEY TO SPECIES OF THE FAMILY CHRYSOGORGIIDAE OF BRAZIL 1 Colonies branched.............................................................................. 2 1’ Colonies unbranched.......................................... Radicipes kopelatos sp. nov. (Fig. 2 H, 6, 9) 2 Colonies ramified in one plane.................................................................... 3 2’ Colonies ramified in more than one plane........................................................... 4 3 Colonies with pinnate or alternate branching........................................ Stephanogorgia rattoi 3’ Colonies with dichotomous branching............................................................. 7 4 Body wall sclerites longitudinaly arranged.......................................................... 5 4’ Body wall sclerites transversely arranged............................................................ 6 5 From 1 to 3 nodes per branch, distance between branches 1.0– 1.5 mm, body wall of polyps with rotund rods evenly warted and usually rounded ends (cucumber shape), coenenchymal scales with few and sparse warts................................................................................ Chrysogorgia elegans (Fig. 2 G) 5’ From 3 to 6 nodes per branch, distance between branches is 2.0–8.0 mm, body walls of polyps with spindles with big and sparse warts and usually acute ends, coenenchymal scales evenly warted.......................................................................................... Chrysogorgia tuberculata sp. nov. (Fig. 2 B) 6 Body wall of polyps with cylindrical spindles, rarely exceeding 0.06 mm in width............................................................................................. Chrysogorgia fewkesii (Fig. 2 C,E) 6’ Body wall of polyps with flattened spindles, up to 0.13 mm in width............ Chrysogorgia multiflora (Fig. 2 F) 7 Spindles absent, dichotomous colonies, with terminal branches reaching or exceeding half-height of one completely developed colony........................................................... Trichogorgia braziliensis 7’ Spindles present, dichotomous colonies, with short terminal branches.... Chrysogorgia upsilonia sp. nov. (Fig. 2 A,D)

Published as part of Cordeiro, Ralf T. S., Castro, Clovis B. & Pérez, Carlos D., 2015, Deep-water octocorals (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) from Brazil: Family Chrysogorgiidae Verrill, 1883, pp. 81-100 in Zootaxa 4058 (1) on pages 97-98, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4058.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/241598