The biological carbon pump’s ability to sequester carbon away from the atmosphere plays an important role on global carbon cycle and climate change. The sinking particle flux was collected by sediment trap, and the physical-biological data was developed based on remote sensing, XBT and shipboard observation during 1997-1999 super ENSO event and normal condition years (2012 and 2014) in the South China Sea (SCS). The datasets includes: (1) Physical (MEI, WSA, HFA and SSTA) and biological data (ChlA and NPPA) based on remote sensing. Time series sinking particle fluxes (POC, opal, CaCO3, and lithogenic matter) collected at station SCS-C from December 1996 to April 1999. (2) Temperature, salinity, nitrate, and Chl-a concentrations of discrete water samples at the sediment trap station in the SCS. (3) Daily sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) at the meridional section of 115 °E in the SCS basin from April 1997 to May 1999. The seasonal mean depth of the 20 ℃ isotherm in autumn and winter under the 1997/1998 El Niño phase, 1998/1999 La Niña phase, and climatological level at the meridional section of 115 °E in the SCS basin. The dataset is archived in .xlsx data format, consists of three data files with data size of 3.89 MB.

The file DS01_改 is a replacement of the previous file named DS01 in responses to the comments during the review process