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Revista Española de Antropología Americana
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
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Complejo Arquitectónico Cerro Mercachas: arquitectura y ritualidad incaica en Chile central

Authors: Troncoso Meléndez, Andrés; Pavlovic Barbaric, Daniel; Acuto, Félix; Sánchez Romero, Rodrigo; González-García, César;

Complejo Arquitectónico Cerro Mercachas: arquitectura y ritualidad incaica en Chile central

Abstract

[ES] Se discute la dinámica de la ocupación del Tawantinsuyu en la zona central de Chile a partir del estudio de la instalación más extensa ubicada en la zona: el Complejo Arquitectónico Cerro Mercachas. A partir de un análisis intra-sitio se reconoce una organización lineal y tripartita del asentamiento, lo que sumado al escaso registro de cultura material mueble llevan a proponerle una función ritual relacionada con las festividades del calendario metropolitano inca asociadas, al menos, a la observación del solsticio de diciembre y el culto al cerro Aconcagua. El contexto sugiere un uso esporádico y por pocos sujetos del sitio, implicando una ritualidad exclusiva para ciertos personajes. A una escala regional, la alta visibilidad del sitio hace que esta ritualidad se inserte en el paisaje cotidiano de las poblaciones locales, reproduciendo estrategias de construcción social del espacio que el Tawantinsuyu aplica en otras áreas. A través de ella se crea una diferencia y jerarquización con los otros espacios rituales locales, estableciendo una estrategia de integración y exclusión entre el Tawantinsuyu y las poblaciones locales. A partir de estos resultados, se discute el modelo administrativo tradicionalmente utilizado para entender la ocupación inca en la zona.

[EN] In this paper we discuss Inca occupation in the central zone of Chile, through the study of the biggest imperial site so far known in the area: the architectonical complex of Cerro Mercachas. An intra-site analysis was able to identify a linear and tripartite spatial organization of the site. Together with the scarce material culture identified, we suggest a ritual function for this site, related to festivities surrounding Inca metropolitan calendar or, at least, the observation of the December solstice and the Cerro Aconcagua cult. The overall archaeological context suggests a sporadic use of the site and by a limited number of individuals. This implies an exclusive ritualism for a selected few. Seen at a regional level, the high visibility of the site integrates this exclusive ritualism into the daily landscape of local populations, thereby reproducing the strategies of social construction of space that Tawantinsuyu executes in other areas. This new spatial order creates difference and hierarchy with local ritual spaces, thereby materializing a strategy of integration and exclusion between Tawantinsuyu and local populations. With these results we discuss the administration model traditionally used to understand Inca occupation in Central Chile.

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto FONDECYT 1090680 y la Wenner Gren Foundation a través de su proyecto Inca ritual activities and landscapes in Southern Andes. A.C.G.G. está contratado por el programa Ramón y Cajal del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España.

Peer reviewed

Countries
Chile, Argentina
Keywords

Chile central, ARQUITECTURA INKA, PAISAJE, Instituto de Ciencias del Patrimonio, CHILE CENTRAL, Arquitectura inca, Ritual, Paisaje, Institute of Heritage Sciences, Organización socioespacial, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1, Incipit, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6, Landscape, Inca architecture, RITUAL, Central Chile

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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