This chapter begins with a brief account of what is meant by poverty propaganda. It then goes on to detail contemporary examples of poverty propaganda, illustrating how it works to generate myths and untruths about poverty and its causes and consequences. It also introduces some of the evidence that challenges poverty propaganda. It argues that poverty as a condition and a concept has been lost behind a generic barrage of rhetoric around ‘welfare dependency’, undeservingness, and any number of other social problems and issues. Although the power of these ideas can be immensely seductive, as a collective their power is increased as they work to cloud and crowd out the realities both of poverty as a condition and of what causes it.