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Journal of Bulgarian Language
Article . 2026 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Factive complementizers in Three Balkan Languages

Фактивни комплементизатори в три балкански езика
Authors: liyana Krapova;

Factive complementizers in Three Balkan Languages

Abstract

The article investigates factive predicates in the Balkan languages, focusing on the types of conjunctions/complementizers that introduce subordinate clauses selected by these predicates. Building on the classical typology of factive constructions (Kiparsky, Kiparsky 1970; Karttunen 1971; Karttunen 1973; Karttunen 1974), I show that in the Balkan area, alongside declarative complementizers and subjunctive particles, there also exist specialized factive complementizers (Bulgarian deto, Serbian/Croatian što, Greek pu). These complementizers are selected exclusively by emotive predicates and correlate with the projection of presupposition in the embedded clause, as well as with a range of additional syntactic effects. The article delineates the parameters of these phenomena in Bulgarian and places them in a comparative perspective with respect to existing research on factivity, clause types, and the nominal nature of embedded structures. In conclusion, the paper dis-cusses specific aspects of the development of these complementizers in the Balkan languages and their role in expressing factivity, in contrast to languages such as English, which employ a single complementizer across all predicate types.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold