Klinički endometritis (CE) jedna je od glavnih značajnih bolesti koja dovodi do lošeg reproduktivnog učinka mliječnih krava u laktaciji, a time smanjujući profitabilnost farme. Da bi se sačuvala optimalna reproduktivna učinkovitost, predložene su različite moguće strategije i terapijski pristupi za krave s CE-om, često s kontradiktornim rezultatima. Iz tog je razloga istraživanje novih načina liječenja CE-a ekonomski bitno. Cilj ove studije bio je ispitati učinkovitost tri različita terapijska protokola na postotak kliničkog izlječenja CE-a te poboljšanje reproduktivne učinkovitosti. Krave (n=42), na 21.-38. dan laktacije (DIM), s CE-om raspoređene su u tri terapijske skupine; PGF: krave (n=19) su sistematski liječene s dvije doze d-kloprostenola, sintetičkog analoga PGF2α, 14-dnevni interval; CEFAX: krave (n=10) su primale intrauterinu infuziju kombinacije antibiotika cefacetrila i rifaksimina; NAX: krave (n=13) su primale sistemsku terapiju s ceftiofur kristaliničnom slobodnom kiselinom (CCFA). Trideset i šest (n=36) krava bez CE-a (zdrava skupina: HE) uključeno je kao kontrolna skupina. Sve krave su ponovno klinički pregledane nakon kraja protokola liječenja. Postotak kliničkog izlječenja iznosio je 73,7 %, 80 % i 69,2 % u PGF, CEFAX, odnosno NAX skupini (P>0,05). HE skupina imala je značajno kraći interval između teljenja do prvog osjemenjivanja u usporedbi s CEFAX i PGF skupinama (P0,05). CEFAX protokol rezultirao je kraćim, ali ne statistički značajnim CFI u usporedbi s PGF i NAX protokolima. Indeks osjemenjivanja po koncepciji bio je nešto niži (1,7) u CEFAX skupini u usporedbi s HE (1,75), PGF (1,84) i NAX (2,23) skupinama, međutim razlika nije bila značajna između sve četiri skupine. Postotak prvog uspješnog osjemenjivanja i postotak koncepcije na 105. DIM nisu se statistički razlikovale među terapijskim skupinama. Premda razlika nije bila značajna, CEFAX protokol imao je nešto bolji postotak izlječenja za CE, smanjujući broj osjemenjivanja po koncepciji i potičući ponovnu aktivnost jajnika nakon teljenja. Validacija ovog otkrića na većem krdu poboljšat će točnost ovih rezultata.

Clinical endometritis (CE) is a serious disease leading to poor reproductive performances in lactating dairy cows, thus diminishing farm profitability. To preserve optimum reproductive efficiency, various strategies and therapeutic approaches have been proposed to manage cows with CE, often with contradictory results. Thus, investigating new paths to CE treatment is economically important. The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of three therapeutic protocols on the clinical cure rate of CE, and improvement of reproductive performance. Cows with CE (n=42), 21–38 days in milk (DIM), were assigned to three treatment groups: PGF: cows (n=19) were treated systemically with two doses of d-cloprostenol, a PGF2α analogue, at 14-days intervals; CEFAX: cows (n=10) received an intrauterine infusion of the combined antibiotics Cefacetrile and Rifaximin; and NAX: cows (n=13) received systemic treatment with Ceftiofur crystalline free acid (CCFA). A control group included cows (n=36) free from CE (healthy group: HE). All cows were clinically re-examined after the end of the treatment protocol. The clinical cure rate was 73.7%, 80% and 69.2% in PGF, CEFAX, and NAX groups, respectively (P>0.05). The HE group had a significantly shorter calving to first service interval compared to CEFAX and PGF groups (P0.05). CEFAX protocol resulted in shorter but not statistically significant CFI, compared to the PGF and NAX protocols. Services per conception rate were slightly lower (1.7) in the CEFAX group compared to HE (1.75), PGF (1.84) and NAX (2.23) groups, however these differences were not significant. First service conception rate and conception rate at 105 DIM did not differ statistically between the treatment groups. While the difference was not significant, CEFAX protocol had slightly better cure rate for CE, reducing the number of services per conception and boosting the resumption of ovarian activity after calving. Validating these finding on a larger herd size will improve the accuracy of these findings.