Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), the causal agent of a commonly occurring disease of soybean (Glycine max), is seed-borne and readily transmitted mechanically. Soybean plants and seeds in Poland were surveyed by ELISA to evaluate the occurence of SMV and characterize its isolates by RT-PCR using primers designed in the P1, HC-Pro and coat protein (CP) genes followed by sequencing. Two isolates designed A and M differed biologically with SMV-A infecting soybean plants without apparent symptoms and SMV-M causing foliar rugosity and curling, and stunted growth. The CP gene of the two isolates had 92% and 99% identity at the nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the two Polish isolates grouped in two distinct clusters. This is the first report on SMV identification in Poland.