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Le Matematiche
Article . 2024
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zbMATH Open
Article . 2024
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On diophantine singlefold specifications

On Diophantine singlefold specifications
Authors: Domenico Cantone; Luca Cuzziol; Eugenio Omodeo;

On diophantine singlefold specifications

Abstract

Summary: Consider an \((m+1)\)-ary relation \(\mathcal{R}\) over the set \(\mathbb{N}\) of natural numbers. Does there exist an arithmetical formula \(\varphi (a_0, \ldots, a_m, x_1, \ldots, x_k)\), not involving universal quantifiers, negation, or implication, such that representation and univocity conditions, viz., \[ \begin{aligned} \mathcal{R}(\boldsymbol{\vec{a}}) \Leftrightarrow \exists x_1 \cdots \exists x_k \varphi (\boldsymbol{\vec{a}}, x_1, \ldots, x_k) \text{ and } \\ \exists x_1 \cdots \exists x_k \forall y_1 \cdots \forall y_k [\varphi (\boldsymbol{\vec{a}}, y_1, \ldots, y_k) \Rightarrow \&^k_{i=1} (y_i = x_i)], \end{aligned} \] are met by each tuple \(\boldsymbol{\vec{a}}=\langle\boldsymbol{a}_0, \ldots, \boldsymbol{a}_m\rangle \in \mathbb{N}^{m+1}\)? Even if solely addition and multiplication operators (along with the equality relator and with positive integer constants) are adopted as primitive symbols of the arithmetical signature, the graph \(\mathcal{R}\) of any primitive recursive function is representable; but can representability be reconciled with univocity without calling into play one extra operation, namely \(\langle b, n \rangle \mapsto b^n\) (maybe with a fixed integer value \(>1\) for \(b\)? As a preparatory step toward a hoped-for positive answer to this issue, one may consider replacing the exponentiation operator by any exponential-growth relation. We discuss the said univocity, aka `singlefold-ness', issue -- first raised by Yuri Matiyasevich in 1974, -- framing it in historical context. Moreover, we spotlight eight exponential-growth relation any of which, if Diophantine, could supersede exponentiation in our quest.

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Italy
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Keywords

Recursively (computably) enumerable sets and degrees, rule-them-all equation, Heegner number, Undecidability and degrees of sets of sentences, singlefold/finitefold Diophantine representation, Hilbert’s 10th problem, Pell’s equation, Cubic and quartic Diophantine equations, Pell's equation, Hilbert’s 10th problem; exponential-growth relation; singlefold/finitefold Diophantine representation; rule-them-all equation; Pell’s equation; Heegner number, exponential-growth relation, Hilbert's \(10^{\text{th}}\) problem, Exponential Diophantine equations, Diophantine equations in many variables

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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