
Consider an \(n\)-dimensional complete Riemannian manifold \(N\), and a closed \(m\)-dimensional submanifold \(M\). Using that the Laplacian on \(N\) is got by projection of the horizontal Laplacian on \(O(N): (\Delta^N\varphi)\circ\pi= \sum^n_{i=1} (H^N_i)^2(\varphi\circ\pi)\), one obtains classically the Brownian motion on \(N\) as \(\pi(p^N_t)\) where \(dp^N_t= \sum^n_{i=1} H^N_i(p^N_t)\circ dw^i_t\); moreover \(p^N_t\) performs the parallel transport along \(\pi(p^N_t)\). Comparing in some suitable way the canonical horizontal vector fields \(H^N_i\) with the orthogonal projection \(TN\to TM\), one gets horizontal vector fields \(H^M_i\), such that \((\Delta^M\varphi)\circ\pi= \sum^n_{i=1} (H^M_i)^2(\varphi\circ\pi)\), and then such that \(\pi(q^M_t)\) is a Brownian motion on \(M\), where \(dq^M_t= \sum^n_{i=1} H^n_i(q^M_t)\circ dw^i_t\). But \(q^M_t\) performs a parallel transport along \(\pi(q^M_t)\) in \(N\), and not in \(M\). To get the right parallel transport in \(M\), the author finds vector fields \(K^M_1,\dots, K^M_m\), which are obtained by a suited vertical modification of \(H^N_1,\dots, H^N_m\), such that \[ (\Delta^M\varphi)\circ\pi= \sum^m_{i=1} (K^M_i)^2(\varphi\circ\pi). \] Then \(dp^M_t= \sum^m_{i=1} K^M_i(p^M_t)\circ dw^i_t\) defines again a Brownian motion \(\pi(p^M_t)\) on \(M\), such that now \(p^M_t\) performs the stochastic parallel transport along \(\pi(p^M_t)\) in \(M\).
shape operator, Diffusion processes and stochastic analysis on manifolds, stochastic parallel transport, submanifold, Brownian motion, orthonormal frame bundle
shape operator, Diffusion processes and stochastic analysis on manifolds, stochastic parallel transport, submanifold, Brownian motion, orthonormal frame bundle
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