Mastitis is the most frequent and expensive disease in the Animal Production Units (UPAS-Animal Production Units) of dairy cattle, due to its serious consequences on economic losses in the quantity and quality of milk produced. Its cause is directly related to aspects of well-being, health and hygiene and sanitation of the high milkproducing animals. In this work, important aspects to be taken into account for diagnosis, prevention, treatment, antimicrobials and finally aspects of vital importance to be taken into account to prevent bovine mastitis in UPAS of dairy cattle are described.