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Comparison between three-point and four-point flexural tests to determine wood strength of Eucalyptus specimens

مقارنة بين اختبارات الانحناء ثلاثية النقاط وأربع نقاط لتحديد قوة الخشب لعينات الأوكالبتوس
Authors: Paulo Ricardo Gherardi Hein; Loïc Brancheriau;

Comparison between three-point and four-point flexural tests to determine wood strength of Eucalyptus specimens

Abstract

La comparaison entre les valeurs de résistance à la flexion du bois obtenues à partir d'essais de flexion à trois points et à quatre points dans le bois n'a été rapportée que dans quelques travaux antérieurs, mais reste peu claire. Ainsi, l'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer la relation entre la résistance du bois (MOR) obtenue par des essais de flexion 4 points et 3 points chez l'eucalyptus. Deux ou trois éprouvettes ont été découpées à partir du même écaillage (donc considéré comme jumeau) et soumises à des essais de vibration en flexion. Ensuite, 190 échantillons de bois ont été testés par des tests de flexion à 4 points et 138 échantillons jumeaux ont été soumis à des tests de flexion à 3 points. La résistance du bois déterminée à partir de l'essai de flexion à 3 points présentait une valeur moyenne significativement plus élevée (76,8 MPa) que celle de l'essai de flexion à 4 points (73 MPa). Une régression linéaire pour convertir le MOR du test de flexion 3 points en 4 points a été proposée pour ces échantillons d'eucalyptus : MOR4p = 0,889 × MOR3p + 5,14 en MPa (R²=0,74). La corrélation du MOR en flexion 3 points avec la densité est plus élevée (R²=0,57) qu'en flexion 4 points (R²=0,45). Les corrélations entre les modules élastiques dynamiques et les modules de rupture étaient similaires (environ R²=0,57 pour MOR3p et R²=0,65 pour MOR4p).

La comparación entre los valores de resistencia a la flexión de la madera obtenidos de las pruebas de flexión de tres y cuatro puntos en madera solo se informó en algunos trabajos anteriores, pero sigue sin estar claro. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre la resistencia de la madera (MOR) obtenida mediante pruebas de flexión de 4 puntos y 3 puntos en eucalipto. Dos o tres muestras fueron cortadas del mismo escante (por lo tanto, consideradas como gemelas) y sometidas a pruebas de vibración de flexión. Luego se probaron 190 muestras de madera mediante pruebas de flexión de 4 puntos y 138 muestras gemelas se sometieron a pruebas de flexión de 3 puntos. La resistencia de la madera determinada a partir de la prueba de flexión de 3 puntos presentó un valor medio significativamente mayor (76,8 MPa) que el de la prueba de flexión de 4 puntos (73 MPa). Se propuso una regresión lineal para convertir MOR de la prueba de flexión de 3 puntos a 4 puntos para estas muestras de eucalipto: MOR4p = 0,889 × MOR3p + 5,14 en MPa (R²=0,74). La correlación de MOR en la flexión de 3 puntos con la densidad fue mayor (R²=0,57) que en la flexión de 4 puntos (R²=0,45). Las correlaciones entre los módulos elásticos dinámicos y los módulos de ruptura fueron similares (alrededor de R²=0,57 para MOR3p y R²=0,65 para MOR4p).

لم يتم الإبلاغ عن المقارنة بين قيم مقاومة الخشب للانثناء التي تم الحصول عليها من اختبارات الانحناء ثلاثية النقاط وأربع نقاط في الخشب إلا في عدد قليل من الأعمال السابقة، ولكنها لا تزال غير واضحة. وبالتالي، كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تحديد العلاقة بين قوة الخشب (MOR) التي تم الحصول عليها من خلال اختبارات الانحناء المكونة من 4 نقاط و 3 نقاط في الأوكالبتوس. تم قطع عينتين أو ثلاث عينات من نفس الشحوب (وبالتالي تعتبر توأمًا) وإخضاعها لاختبارات الاهتزاز الثني. ثم تم اختبار 190 عينة خشبية من خلال اختبارات الانحناء رباعية النقاط وتم تقديم 138 عينة مزدوجة لاختبارات الانحناء ثلاثية النقاط. قدمت قوة الخشب المحددة من اختبار الانحناء ثلاثي النقاط قيمة متوسطة أعلى بكثير (76.8 ميجا باسكال) من اختبار الانحناء رباعي النقاط (73 ميجا باسكال). تم اقتراح انحدار خطي لتحويل MOR من اختبار الانحناء ثلاثي النقاط إلى اختبار الانحناء رباعي النقاط لعينات الأوكالبتوس هذه: MOR4p = 0,889 × MOR3p + 5,14 في الآلام والكروب الذهنية (R²=0,74). كان ارتباط MOR في الانحناء ثلاثي النقاط بالكثافة أعلى (R²=0,57) منه في الانحناء رباعي النقاط (R²=0,45). كانت الارتباطات بين المعامِلات المرنة الديناميكية ومعامِلات التمزق متشابهة (حوالي R²=0,57 لـ MOR3p و R²=0,65 لـ MOR4p).

Comparison between flexural wood strength values obtained from three-point and four-point bending tests in wood were only reported in few previous works, but remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between wood strength (MOR) obtained by 4-point and 3-point bending tests in Eucalyptus. Two or three specimens were cut from the same scantling (thus considered as twin) and submitted to flexural vibration tests. Then 190 wood specimens were tested by 4-point bending tests and 138 twin specimens were submitted to 3-point bending tests. Wood strength determined from 3-point bending test presented significantly higher mean value (76,8 MPa) than that from 4-point bending test (73 MPa). A linear regression for converting MOR from 3-point to 4-point bending test was proposed for these Eucalyptus specimens: MOR4p = 0,889 × MOR3p + 5,14 in MPa (R²=0,74). The correlation of MOR in 3-point bending with density was higher (R²=0,57) than in 4-point bending (R²=0,45). The correlations between dynamic elastic moduli and moduli of rupture were similar (circa R²=0,57 for MOR3p and R²=0,65 for MOR4p).

Keywords

K50 - Technologie des produits forestiers, Eucalyptus grandis, Composite material, Bending, Acoustic vibration, Manufactures, Density, FOS: Mechanical engineering, Structural engineering, Geometry, Wood Modification, TS1-2301, Mechanical Effects of Plant Roots on Slope Stability, Stiffness, Flexural strength, stiffness, Engineering, Wood Science and Technology, Point (geometry), FOS: Mathematics, Biology, Civil and Structural Engineering, density, Eucalyptus, Mechanical Engineering, Three point flexural test, Botany, Forestry, Building and Construction, SD1-669.5, Materials science, Static bending test, Physical Sciences, Strength, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, static bending test, strength, Developments and Applications of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes, Mathematics, Flexural modulus

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
24
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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