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La « triple conservation » comme technologie de gouvernement

Authors: Jacob , Théo;

La « triple conservation » comme technologie de gouvernement

Abstract

Initialement conçues comme des outils d’interdiction, les aires protégées accompagnent aujourd’hui la décentralisation. Leurs nouvelles missions de démocratie locale et de développement économique participent d’une évolution globalisée de l’administration publique, depuis une logique de « souveraineté » vers un registre de « gouvernementalité ». L’étude de vastes aires protégées montre comment la conservation appuie le redéploiement étatique. En Guyane française et dans l’État brésilien de l’Amapá, elle succède aux stratégies régaliennes de maintien sur une Amazonie éloignée, alternant tutelle paternaliste et délégation aux élites locales. Sur ces territoires « anormaux », les institutions de conservation tentent de réconcilier différentes légitimités. Rassemblant communautés locales, responsables publics et acteurs économiques, leurs gestionnaires animent des espaces de gouvernance qui accompagnent l’autonomisation régionale. Ces arènes cherchent à contenir le développement des écarts sociaux et politiques en créant de nouvelles mobilités sur ces territoires. La protection de l’Environnement justifie un mode de gouvernement frugal, multipliant les contre-pouvoirs et l’enchâssement des surveillances entre acteurs d’un même espace. En incitant l’émergence d’une « société civile » dans des arrière-pays sous-administrés, elle crée de nouvelles concurrences et diffuse une rationalité managériale de responsabilisation.

Country
Canada
Keywords

decentralization, gouvernementalité, nature conservation, governmentality, décentralisation, Environmental sciences, Amazonia, conservation de la nature, participation, GE1-350, réforme managériale de l’État, managing reform of the State, Amazonie

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Average
Average
Average
gold