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Égypte/Monde arabe
Article . 2020
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: OpenEdition
Égypte/Monde arabe
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Digitizing historical Arabic typography: Bulaq Press contributions

Numérisation de la typographie arabe historique : la contribution de l’imprimerie de Boulaq
Authors: Mansour, Ahmed; Hassan, Mohamed;

Digitizing historical Arabic typography: Bulaq Press contributions

Abstract

It is known that various peoples throughout the Islamic world adopted the Arabic alphabet to write their original writing with an adapted version of Arabic script. Thus, various languages are currently written using Arabic script, such as Persian (Iran), Pashto, Dari (Afghanistan), Urdu (India, Pakistan), Javanese (Indonesia), Malay (Malaysia), Kurdish (Iraq), and Uyghur (China). This variety of languages used different Arabic script styles such as naskh, ruq’a, nasta‘liq (farsi), diwani, and square kufic. When typography was first introduced in the Arab world in the 17th Century, there were no typefaces (printing letters) that respected the grammar of Arabic script. However, the Bulaq Press played an essential role in promoting the spirit of scholarship and knowledge dissemination in Egypt and the Near East during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The shift of book production in Egypt after 1850 was marked by the graphic technology evolution, the use of different languages in its printed productions: Arabic, Turkish and Persian. In addition, Bulaq Press managed to be a pioneer in the Islamic World by printing the Quran during King Fouad’s reign (1923). The latter is considered a master work from which the Bulaq Press typeface was revived and ready to be used in new publication. Thus, the BA Writing and Scripts Center (WSC) managed to digitize the naskh typeface of the Bulaq Press Quran and printed it on a CD. Our intent is to suggest a multidisciplinary project that investigates the evolution of Bulaq Press typefaces, then to explain the method used by the Bulaq Press Quran typeface to digitize, and finally to initiate a multidisciplinary collaboration to fulfill this ambitious project.

Keywords

أساليب الطباعة, imprimerie de Boulaq, histoire et patrimoine de l’imprimerie, الرقمنة, Bulaq Press, نماذج الخطوط العربية, typographie, printing history and heritage, تاريخ وتراث الطباعة, typography, digitization, police d’écriture arabe, مطبعة بولاق, الخطوط الرقمية, arabic typefaces, digital fonts, polices numériques, numérisation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid