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The Astrophysical Journal
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
License: IOP Copyright Policies
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Article . 2016
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2016
License: arXiv Non-Exclusive Distribution
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THE LOPSIDED DISTRIBUTION OF SATELLITE GALAXIES

Authors: Noam I. Libeskind; Quan Guo; Elmo Tempel; Rodrigo Ibata;

THE LOPSIDED DISTRIBUTION OF SATELLITE GALAXIES

Abstract

ABSTRACT The distribution of smaller satellite galaxies around large central galaxies has attracted attention because peculiar spatial and kinematic configurations have been detected in some systems. A particularly striking example of such behavior is seen in the satellite system of the Andromeda galaxy, where around 80% are on the near side of that galaxy, facing the Milky Way. Motivated by this departure from anisotropy, we examined the spatial distribution of satellites around pairs of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. By stacking tens of thousands of satellites around galaxy pairs, we found that satellites tend to bulge toward the other central galaxy, preferably occupying the space between the pair, rather than being spherically or axis-symmetrically distributed around each host. The bulging is a function of the opening angle examined and is fairly strong—there are up to ∼10% more satellites in the space between the pair than expected from uniform. Consequently, it is a statistically very strong signal, being inconsistent with a uniform distribution at the 5σ level. The possibility that the observed signal is the result of the overlap of two halos with extended satellite distributions is ruled out by testing this hypothesis by performing the same tests on isolated galaxies (and their satellites) artificially placed at similar separations. These findings highlight the unrelaxed and interacting nature of galaxies in pairs.

Country
France
Keywords

[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], cosmology: observations, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: halos, Local Group, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: dwarf, galaxies: general, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
25
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold