
Let G be an undirected connected graph with n vertices and m edges, n ≥ 3, and let µ1 ≥ µ2 ≥ · · · ≥ µn−1 > µn = 0 and ρ1 ≥ ρ2 ≥ · · · ≥ ρn−1 > ρn = 0 be Laplacian and normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of G, respectively. The Laplacian-energy-like (LEL) invariant of graph G is defined as... The Laplacian incidence energy of graph is defined as LIE(G) = Pn−1 i=1 √ρi. In this paper, we consider lower bounds of graph invariants LEL(G) and LIE(G) in terms of some graph parameters, that refine some known results.
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