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https://dx.doi.org/10.34626/tx...
Master thesis . 2022
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Porto Cidade Saudável: da escala Urbana à escala Humana

Authors: Ana Maria de Azevedo Calçada;

Porto Cidade Saudável: da escala Urbana à escala Humana

Abstract

Construir um novo pensamento de interpretação do que existe para além do mundo das formas, é uma busca consciente pelas existências sociais e éticas; cada posição formal remete a uma conceção do mundo, tempo e sujeito1 . O desafio do urbanismo do século XXI trata-se da construção de sistemas interpretativos de síntese que saibam conciliar as respostas formais com a crítica, isto é, que expliquem a arte, a arquitetura e a cidade a partir do social e do político, mas que, ao mesmo tempo, saibam fazer uma análise que rejeite explicações simplistas que pretendam reduzir a complexidade dos mundos criativos e formais exclusivamente a condições económicas e ideológicas. A propósito do surgimento do vírus SARS-CoV-2, que despoletou uma pandemia e inúmeras mortes por todo o mundo, surgiu, em pleno confinamento, o interesse por estudar a cidade à luz das questões de saúde. Assistia-se, na primeira metade de 2020, a um cenário de inversão da vida, em que as cidades - palco de movimento, atividade, interações sociais (pelo menos aparentemente) - se encontravam desertas. Por outro lado, a casa desdobrou-se em todas as funções possíveis e impossíveis servindo de escritório, atelier, ginásio, escola, consultório, entre outros, confundindo assim os usos, os espaços, a sua simbologia e significação, acarretando graves problemas sociais, físicos e psicológicos e trazendo à tona diferenças sociais e económicas que começam no habitat e se estendem ao acesso ao espaço público e serviços. Cabe ao espaço público buscar ser esse palco de igualdade de oportunidade de acesso à cidade. Os tempos atuais são marcados pela necessidade do fim de um ideal único, neutro e universal, para dar lugar a novas realidades e culturas diversas e à luta por direitos mais reais, da igualdade na diferença. A relação entre o urbanismo e a epidemiologia não é novidade. Desenvolveram-se em conjunto, sobretudo, ao longo do século XX, ou seja, o urbanismo vinha dar resposta a problemas sanitários da dimensão da saúde pública. A busca pela Cidade Saudável - sustentável, humana e inteligente - é, em última análise, a saída justa para estes problemas. Por muita reflexão que esta nova doença possa ter gerado, várias das questões levantadas não são novas, muito menos no que toca à busca pela Cidade Saudável. O cerne da questão é como enfrentar os grandes desafios sociais e ambientais com uma arquitetura sustentável e com um urbanismo participativo, de maneira que se evolua em direção à igualdade e ao reconhecimento da diversidade, a uma sustentabilidade entendida a partir da vertente social. Esta cidade deve procurar a saúde dos seus habitantes buscando a saúde ambiental, política, económica e social. Não há uma solução concreta para se atingir a Cidade Saudável, mas existem respostas possíveis. É uma dessas opções que a seguinte dissertação pretende apresentar usando o Porto como ponto de partida de uma proposta que engloba a Cidade, o Bairro e a Rua.

To build a new way of interpreting what exists beyond the world of forms is a conscious search for social and ethical existences; each formal position refers to a conception of the world, time and subject2 . The challenge of urbanism in the 21st century is to build interpretative systems of synthesis that know how to reconcile formal responses with criticism, which means, systems that explain art, architecture and the city from the social and political perspectives, but that, at the same time, knows how to make an analysis that rejects simplistic explanations that intend to reduce the complexity of the creative and formal worlds exclusively to economic and ideological conditions. Regarding the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which triggered a pandemic and countless deaths all over the world, arose, deep into confinement, an interest in studying the city in light of it's health issues. In the first half of 2020, people witnessed a scenario of inversion of life, in which cities - stages of movement, activity, social interactions (at least apparently) - were deserted. On the other hand, the home unfolded into all possible and impossible functions, serving as an office, atelier, gym, school, office, among other things. Thus, confusing the uses, the spaces, symbology and meaning, and resulting in serious social, physical and psychological problems, which brought to light social and economic differences that start in the habitat and extend to the access to public spaces and services. It is up to the public space to seek to be that stage of equal opportunity of access to the city. Current times are struck by the need to ending a single, neutral and universal ideal, and to give way to new realities, diverse cultures and the struggle for more real rights of equality in difference. The relation between urbanism and epidemiology is nothing new, they developed together throughout the 20th century. In other words, urbanism came to respond to public health problems. The search for the Healthy City - sustainable, human and smart - is, in final analysis, the fair way out of these problems. As much reflection as this new disease may have generated, many of the issues raised are not new, much less those regarding the search for the Healthy City. The crux of the matter is how to face the great social and environmental challenges with a sustainable architecture and participated urbanism, in order to evolve towards equality and the recognition of diversity, towards sustainability understood from the social perspective. This city must seek the health of its inhabitants seeking environmental, political, economic and social health. There is no specific solution to reach the Healthy City, but there are possible answers, it is one of those options that the following dissertation intends to present, using Porto as the starting point of a proposal that encompasses the City, the Neighborhood and the Street.

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Arts, Humanities::Arts, FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music), Humanidades::Artes, Artes

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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