Thispaperinvestigates the technology of energy and resource saving materials, involving the use of local raw materials of plant origin as a filler (aggregate) material, and the alkali base composition as a binder material. Fillers(aggregates)have a significant impact on the technological and operational properties, as well as on the process of structure formation of plant-binding composites.The introduction of Portland cement, construction gypsum, ash and structure-forming additives and polymer silicate compositions with plasticizers in a plant-binding composition (PBC) contributes to the enhancement of the strength properties and obtaininga cement-gypsum-alkali binder with improved technical and mechanical characteristics on their basis and properties. To obtain arbolitewith higher strength, thermal characteristics, it is necessary to completely eliminate the influence of extractive substances of organic fillers (aggregate)on the cement stone, increase the adhesion of organic aggregate with a mineral binder material and modifying additives.According to obtained results on the base ofscientific studiesand researchesondeterminationof the composition and properties of arbolitematerials using crushed rice straw, the possibility of developing arbolitewall blocks based on the developed new building technologies has been established.