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Polymers
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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PubMed Central
Other literature type . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Spray-Coated MoO3 Hole Transport Layer for Inverted Organic Photovoltaics

Authors: Hou-Chin Cha; Chia-Feng Li; Tsui-Yun Chung; Wei-Yang Ma; Cheng-Si Tsao; Yu-Ching Huang;

Spray-Coated MoO3 Hole Transport Layer for Inverted Organic Photovoltaics

Abstract

This study focuses on the hole transport layer of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) for inverted bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which were fabricated using a combination of a spray coating and low-temperature annealing process as an alternative to the thermal evaporation process. To achieve a good coating quality of the sprayed film, the solvent used for solution-processed MoO3 (S-MoO3) should be well prepared. Isopropanol (IPA) is added to the as-prepared S-MoO3 solution to control its concentration. MoO3 solutions at concentrations of 5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL were used for the spray coating process. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) depends on the concentration of the MoO3 solution and the spray coating process parameters of the MoO3 film, such as flow flux, spray cycles, and film thickness. The results of devices fabricated from solution-processed MoO3 with various spray fluxes show a lower PCE than that based on thermally evaporated MoO3 (T-MoO3) due to a limiting FF, which gradually increases with decreasing spray cycles. The highest PCE of 2.8% can be achieved with a 1 mg/mL concentration of MoO3 solution at the sprayed flux of 0.2 mL/min sprayed for one cycle. Additionally, S-MoO3 demonstrates excellent stability. Even without any encapsulation, OPVs can retain 90% of their initial PCE after 1300 h in a nitrogen-filled glove box and under ambient air conditions. The stability of OPVs without any encapsulation still has 90% of its initial PCE after 1300 h in a nitrogen-filled glove box and under air conditions. The results represent an evaluation of the feasibility of solution-processed HTL, which could be employed for a large-area mass production method.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold
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