A series of studies related to the production of organobentonite, i.e., bentonite-poly(acrylic acid), and its use as a matrix grain-binding material in casting moulding sand is presented. In addition, a new carbon additive in the form of shungite was introduced into the composition of the moulding sand. Selected technological and strength properties of green sand bond with the obtained organobentonite with the addition of shungite as a new lustrous carbon carrier (Rcw, Rmw, Pw, Pw, PD) were determined. The introduction of shungite as a replacement for coal dust in the hydrocarbon resin system demonstrated the achievement of an optimum moulding sand composition for practical use in casting technology. Using chromatographic techniques (Py-GC/MS, GC), the positive effect of shungite on the quantity and quality of the gaseous products generated from the moulding sand during the thermal destruction of its components was noted, thus confirming the reduced environmental footprint of the new carbon additive compared to the commonly used lustrous carbon carriers. The test casting obtained in the mould of the organobentonite moulding sand and the shungite/hydrocarbon resin mixture showed a significantly better accuracy of the stepped model shape reproduction and surface smoothness compared to the casting obtained with the model moulding sand.