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Applied Sciences
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License: CC BY
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Applied Sciences
Article
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Applied Sciences
Article . 2020
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Designing Audio Equalization Filters by Deep Neural Networks

Authors: Giovanni Pepe; Leonardo Gabrielli; Stefano Squartini; Luca Cattani;

Designing Audio Equalization Filters by Deep Neural Networks

Abstract

Audio equalization is an active research topic aiming at improving the audio quality of a loudspeaker system by correcting the overall frequency response using linear filters. The estimation of their coefficients is not an easy task, especially in binaural and multipoint scenarios, due to the contribution of multiple impulse responses to each listening point. This paper presents a deep learning approach for tuning filter coefficients employing three different neural networks architectures—the Multilayer Perceptron, the Convolutional Neural Network, and the Convolutional Autoencoder. Suitable loss functions are proposed for each architecture, and are formulated in terms of spectral Euclidean distance. The experiments were conducted in the automotive scenario, considering several loudspeakers and microphones. The obtained results show that deep learning techniques give superior performance compared to baseline methods, achieving almost flat magnitude frequency response.

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Keywords

Technology, QH301-705.5, T, Physics, QC1-999, FIR filter design, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Chemistry, deep neural networks, automotive audio, audio equalization, TA1-2040, Biology (General), QD1-999

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    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    16
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
16
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
gold