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Self-Construal Priming Modulates Self-Evaluation under Social Threat

فتيلة الاستقامة الذاتية تعدّل التقييم الذاتي تحت التهديد الاجتماعي
Authors: Tianyang Zhang; Sisi Xi; Sisi Xi; Yan Jin; Yan Jin; Yanhong Wu; Yanhong Wu; +1 Authors

Self-Construal Priming Modulates Self-Evaluation under Social Threat

Abstract

Des études antérieures ont montré que les Occidentaux s'évaluent d'une manière particulièrement flatteuse lorsqu'ils sont confrontés à une menace d'évaluation sociale. La présente étude a d'abord examiné si les Asiatiques de l'Est ont également un schéma similaire en recrutant des participants chinois et en utilisant des manipulations de menaces d'évaluation sociale dans lesquelles les participants effectuent des tâches d'auto-évaluation tout en adoptant des rétroactions d'évaluation sociale différentes (Expérience 1). Ensuite, nous avons examiné plus en détail si les différents modèles de réponse peuvent être modulés par différents types d'auto-construit en utilisant des manipulations de menaces d'évaluation sociale en conjonction avec une tâche d'amorçage auto-construit (Expérience 2). Les résultats ont montré que, contrairement à la tendance des Occidentaux, les participants chinois se considéraient comme ayant un effet nettement supérieur à la moyenne uniquement lorsqu'ils étaient confrontés aux commentaires non menaçants, mais pas à la menace d'évaluation sociale. Plus important encore, nous avons constaté que l'auto-construit modulait l'autoévaluation sous la menace d'évaluation sociale : après un amorçage auto-construit indépendant, les participants avaient tendance à montrer un effet supérieur à la moyenne lorsqu'ils étaient confrontés à une menace d'évaluation sociale. Cependant, ce schéma en conjonction avec une menace sociale a disparu après que les participants aient reçu un amorçage auto-construit interdépendant ou un amorçage neutre. Ces résultats suggèrent que les effets de la menace d'évaluation sociale sur l'auto-évaluation ne sont pas culturellement universels et sont fortement modulés par un amorçage auto-construit.

Estudios anteriores han demostrado que los occidentales se evalúan a sí mismos de una manera especialmente halagadora cuando se enfrentan a una amenaza social-evaluativa. El estudio actual investigó primero si los asiáticos orientales también tienen un patrón similar mediante el reclutamiento de participantes chinos y el uso de manipulaciones de amenazas social-evaluativas en las que los participantes realizan tareas de autoevaluación mientras adoptan diferentes retroalimentaciones social-evaluativas (Experimento 1). Luego se examinó más a fondo si los diferentes patrones de respuesta pueden ser modulados por diferentes tipos de autoconstrucción mediante el uso de manipulaciones de amenazas social-evaluativas junto con una tarea de cebado autoconstruido (Experimento 2). Los resultados mostraron que, a diferencia del patrón de los occidentales, los participantes chinos se calificaron a sí mismos como con un efecto significativamente mayor por encima de la media solo cuando se enfrentaban a la retroalimentación no amenazante, pero no a la amenaza social-evaluativa. Más importante aún, descubrimos que la autoconstrución modulaba la autoevaluación bajo amenaza social-evaluativa: después del cebado autoconstruyente independiente, los participantes tendían a mostrar un mayor efecto por encima de la media cuando se enfrentaban a una amenaza social-evaluativa. Sin embargo, este patrón junto con una amenaza social desapareció después de que los participantes recibieron cebado autoconstruido interdependiente o cebado neutro. Estos hallazgos sugieren que los efectos de la amenaza social-evaluativa en la autoevaluación no son culturalmente universales y están fuertemente modulados por el cebado autoconstruido.

Previous studies have shown that Westerners evaluate themselves in an especially flattering way when faced with a social-evaluative threat. The current study first investigated whether East Asians also have a similar pattern by recruiting Chinese participants and using social-evaluative threat manipulations in which participants perform self-evaluation tasks while adopting different social-evaluative feedbacks (Experiment 1). Then further examined whether the different response patterns can be modulated by different types of self-construal by using social-evaluative threat manipulations in conjunction with a self-construal priming task (Experiment 2). The results showed that, as opposed to Westerners' pattern, Chinese participants rated themselves as having significantly greater above-average effect only when faced with the nonthreatening feedback but not the social-evaluative threat. More importantly, we found that self-construal modulated the self-evaluation under social-evaluative threat: following independent self-construal priming, participants tended to show a greater above-average effect when faced with a social-evaluative threat. However, this pattern in conjunction with a social threat disappeared after participants received interdependent self-construal priming or neutral priming. These findings suggest that the effects of social-evaluative threat on self-evaluation are not culturally universal and is strongly modulated by self-construal priming.

أظهرت الدراسات السابقة أن الغربيين يقيمون أنفسهم بطريقة مغرية بشكل خاص عندما يواجهون تهديدًا تقييميًا اجتماعيًا. حققت الدراسة الحالية أولاً فيما إذا كان لدى الآسيويين الشرقيين أيضًا نمط مماثل من خلال تجنيد المشاركين الصينيين واستخدام التلاعب بالتهديدات التقييمية الاجتماعية التي يؤدي فيها المشاركون مهام التقييم الذاتي مع اعتماد ملاحظات تقييم اجتماعي مختلفة (التجربة 1). ثم فحصت بعد ذلك ما إذا كان يمكن تعديل أنماط الاستجابة المختلفة من خلال أنواع مختلفة من التفسير الذاتي باستخدام عمليات التلاعب بالتهديدات التقييمية الاجتماعية جنبًا إلى جنب مع مهمة التهيئة الذاتية (التجربة 2). أظهرت النتائج أنه، على عكس نمط الغربيين، صنف المشاركون الصينيون أنفسهم على أنهم يتمتعون بتأثير أعلى بكثير من المتوسط فقط عندما يواجهون ردود الفعل غير المهددة ولكن ليس تهديد التقييم الاجتماعي. والأهم من ذلك، وجدنا أن تحقيق الذات يعدل التقييم الذاتي في ظل تهديد التقييم الاجتماعي: بعد التحضير المستقل لتحقيق الذات، يميل المشاركون إلى إظهار تأثير أكبر من المتوسط عند مواجهة تهديد التقييم الاجتماعي. ومع ذلك، اختفى هذا النمط بالتزامن مع التهديد الاجتماعي بعد أن تلقى المشاركون فتيلة ذاتية مترابطة أو فتيلة محايدة. تشير هذه النتائج إلى أن آثار تهديد التقييم الاجتماعي على التقييم الذاتي ليست عالمية ثقافياً ويتم تعديلها بقوة من خلال التهيئة الذاتية.

Related Organizations
Keywords

social threat, Social Psychology, Sociology and Political Science, Interdependence, Cultural Psychology and Values Research, Cognitive Neuroscience, FOS: Political science, Social Sciences, Germination, FOS: Law, social cognition, Infectious disease (medical specialty), self-construal priming, Intergroup Relations and Social Identity Theories, Social psychology, Social Intuition, Social distance, Pathology, Psychology, Disease, self-evaluation, Political science, Biology, Self construal, Botany, Life Sciences, Self-Construal, BF1-990, FOS: Psychology, Neuroscience of Moral Judgment and Disgust, Cultural Psychology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Priming (agriculture), Medicine, Construal level theory, above-average effect, Law, Neuroscience

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold