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Frontiers in Plant Science
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Plasmodesmata “in Communicado”

Plasmodesmata "في التواصل"
Authors: Andy Maule; Christine Faulkner; Yoselin Benitez‐Alfonso;

Plasmodesmata “in Communicado”

Abstract

La communication de cellule à cellule est fondamentale pour la vie multicellulaire. Pour que cela se produise efficacement, il doit y avoir des voies et des réseaux dynamiques pour la communication. Ceux-ci peuvent dépendre de signaux électriques ou chimiques ou du transfert de masse des molécules entre les cellules adjacentes. La communication moléculaire se fait soit par une voie extra-cellulaire, soit par des structures physiques, appelées plasmodesmes, qui relient le cytoplasme des cellules voisines. Les plasmodesmes relient la barrière physique rigide présentée par la paroi cellulaire pour étendre le symplasme des cellules uniques aux domaines tissulaires qui ont une importance fonctionnelle pour la croissance, le développement et la défense des tissus. Bien que ces dernières années aient vu des progrès dans notre connaissance de la nature physique de la MP, des molécules faisant l'objet d'un trafic et des processus plus larges qu'elles affectent, notre connaissance de la structure et de la fonction de la MP est encore relativement rudimentaire. Cet article examinera les difficultés techniques/expérimentales entravant la recherche sur la MP et suggérera des priorités dans l'effort de recherche futur qui pourraient faire progresser le domaine à un rythme beaucoup plus rapide.

La comunicación de célula a célula es fundamental para la vida multicelular. Para que esto ocurra de manera efectiva, deben existir vías y redes dinámicas para la comunicación. Estos pueden depender de señales eléctricas o químicas o de la transferencia de masa de moléculas entre células adyacentes. La comunicación molecular se produce a través de una vía extracelular o a través de estructuras físicas, llamadas plasmodesmas, que conectan el citoplasma de las células vecinas. Los plasmodesmos unen la barrera física rígida que presenta la pared celular para extender el simplasma desde las células individuales hasta los dominios tisulares que tienen importancia funcional para el crecimiento, desarrollo y defensa de los tejidos. Aunque en los últimos años hemos visto avances en nuestro conocimiento de la naturaleza física de la EP, las moléculas traficadas y los procesos más amplios a los que afectan, nuestro conocimiento de la estructura y función de la EP sigue siendo relativamente rudimentario. Este artículo considerará las dificultades técnicas/experimentales que obstaculizan la investigación de la EP y sugerirá prioridades en el futuro esfuerzo de investigación que podrían avanzar en el campo a un ritmo significativamente más rápido.

Cell-to-cell communication is fundamental to multicellular life. For this to occur effectively there must be pathways and dynamic networks for communication. These might depend upon electrical or chemical signals or the mass transfer of molecules between adjacent cells. Molecular communication occurs either via an extra-cellular pathway or through physical structures, called plasmodesmata, which connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. Plasmodesmata bridge the rigid physical barrier presented by the cell wall to extend the symplasm from single cells to tissue domains that have functional importance for tissue growth, development, and defense. Although recent years have seen advances in our knowledge of the physical nature of PD, the trafficked molecules, and of the wider processes they affect, our knowledge of PD structure and function is still relatively rudimentary. This article will consider the technical/experimental difficulties hindering PD research and suggest priorities in the future research effort that might advance the field at a significantly faster rate.

Cell-to-cell communication is fundamental to multicellular life. For this to occur effectively there must be pathways and dynamic networks for communication. These might depend upon electrical or chemical signals or the mass transfer of molecules between adjacent cells. Molecular communication occurs either via an extra-cellular pathway or through physical structures, called plasmodesmata, that connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells. Plasmodesmata bridge the rigid physical barrier presented by the cell wall to extend the symplasm from single cells to tissue domains that have functional importance for tissue growth, development, and defense. Although recent years have seen advances in our knowledge of the physical nature of PD, the trafficked molecules, and of the wider processes they affect, our knowledge of PD structure and function is still relatively rudimentary. This article will consider the technical/experimental difficulties hindering PD research and suggest priorities in the future research effort that might advance the field at a significantly faster rate.

يعد التواصل بين الخلايا أمرًا أساسيًا للحياة متعددة الخلايا. ولكي يحدث ذلك بشكل فعال، يجب أن تكون هناك مسارات وشبكات ديناميكية للتواصل. قد تعتمد هذه على الإشارات الكهربائية أو الكيميائية أو نقل كتلة الجزيئات بين الخلايا المتجاورة. يحدث التواصل الجزيئي إما عبر مسار خارج الخلية أو من خلال هياكل مادية، تسمى بلازموديزماتا، والتي تربط سيتوبلازم الخلايا المجاورة. تجسر المتصورات الحاجز المادي الصلب الذي يقدمه جدار الخلية لتوسيع المتصورة من الخلايا المفردة إلى مجالات الأنسجة التي لها أهمية وظيفية لنمو الأنسجة وتطورها والدفاع عنها. على الرغم من أن السنوات الأخيرة شهدت تقدمًا في معرفتنا بالطبيعة الفيزيائية لمرض باركنسون، والجزيئات التي يتم الاتجار بها، والعمليات الأوسع التي تؤثر عليها، إلا أن معرفتنا بهيكل ووظيفة مرض باركنسون لا تزال بدائية نسبيًا. ستنظر هذه المقالة في الصعوبات التقنية/التجريبية التي تعيق أبحاث التطوير المهني وتقترح الأولويات في الجهود البحثية المستقبلية التي قد تقدم المجال بمعدل أسرع بكثير.

Keywords

Cell biology, Cytoplasm, molecular flux, Multicellular organism, Biomolecular Interactions, Plant Science, DNA Nanotechnology and Bioanalytical Applications, Biochemistry, SB1-1110, Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Development and Regulation, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Biology, plasmodesmata, Plasmodesmata, cell-to-cell communication, Plant culture, Life Sciences, Plant Nutrient Uptake and Signaling Pathways, Plasmodesma, Cell, callose

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
21
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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gold