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The Role of Cognitive and Perceptual Loads in Inattentional Deafness

دور الأحمال المعرفية والإدراكية في الصمم غير المقصود
Authors: Mickaël Causse; Jean-Paul Imbert; Louise Giraudet; Christophe Jouffrais; Sébastien Tremblay;

The Role of Cognitive and Perceptual Loads in Inattentional Deafness

Abstract

La présente étude examine le rôle des charges cognitives et perceptives dans la surdité inattentionnelle (l'incapacité à percevoir un stimulus auditif) et la possibilité de prédire ce phénomène avec des mesures oculaires. Vingt participants ont réalisé des scénarios de contrôle de la circulation aérienne (ATC) dans l'avion périphérique Laby ATC-like micro-guidant un (faible charge cognitive) ou deux (charge cognitive élevée) tout en répondant aux notifications visuelles liées à 7 (faible charge perceptuelle) ou 21 (charge perceptuelle élevée). Dans le même temps, les participants jouaient des tons standard qu'ils devaient ignorer (probabilité = 0,80), ou des tons déviants (probabilité = 0,20) qu'ils devaient signaler. Les résultats comportementaux ont montré que 28,76 % des alarmes n'étaient pas signalées dans les conditions de faible charge cognitive et jusqu'à 46,21 % dans les conditions de charge cognitive élevée. Au contraire, la charge perceptuelle n'a eu aucun impact sur le taux de surdité inattentionnelle. Enfin, le diamètre moyen de la pupille des fixations qui ont précédé les tonalités cibles était significativement plus faible dans les essais dans lesquels les participants n'ont pas signalé les tonalités, montrant probablement un manque momentané d'attention soutenue, qui à son tour était associé à la survenue d'une surdité inattentionnelle.

El presente estudio examina el papel de las cargas cognitivas y perceptivas en la sordera distraída (la falta de percepción de un estímulo auditivo) y la posibilidad de predecir este fenómeno con mediciones oculares. Veinte participantes realizaron escenarios de Control de Tráfico Aéreo (ATC), en el micromundo similar al ATC de Laby, guiando una (baja carga cognitiva) o dos (alta carga cognitiva) aeronaves mientras respondían a notificaciones visuales relacionadas con 7 (baja carga perceptiva) o 21 (alta carga perceptiva) aeronaves periféricas. Al mismo tiempo, los participantes tocaron tonos estándar que tuvieron que ignorar (probabilidad = 0,80), o tonos desviados (probabilidad = 0,20) que tuvieron que informar. Los resultados de comportamiento mostraron que el 28.76% de las alarmas no se informaron en la condición de carga cognitiva baja y hasta el 46.21% en la condición de carga cognitiva alta. Por el contrario, la carga perceptiva no tuvo impacto en la tasa de sordera por falta de atención. Finalmente, el diámetro medio de la pupila de las fijaciones que precedieron a los tonos objetivo fue significativamente menor en los ensayos en los que los participantes no informaron los tonos, probablemente mostrando un lapso momentáneo de atención sostenida, que a su vez se asoció a la aparición de sordera por falta de atención.

The current study examines the role of cognitive and perceptual loads in inattentional deafness (the failure to perceive an auditory stimulus) and the possibility to predict this phenomenon with ocular measurements. Twenty participants performed Air Traffic Control (ATC) scenarios-in the Laby ATC-like microworld-guiding one (low cognitive load) or two (high cognitive load) aircraft while responding to visual notifications related to 7 (low perceptual load) or 21 (high perceptual load) peripheral aircraft. At the same time, participants were played standard tones which they had to ignore (probability = 0.80), or deviant tones (probability = 0.20) which they had to report. Behavioral results showed that 28.76% of alarms were not reported in the low cognitive load condition and up to 46.21% in the high cognitive load condition. On the contrary, perceptual load had no impact on the inattentional deafness rate. Finally, the mean pupil diameter of the fixations that preceded the target tones was significantly lower in the trials in which the participants did not report the tones, likely showing a momentary lapse of sustained attention, which in turn was associated to the occurrence of inattentional deafness.

تبحث الدراسة الحالية في دور الأحمال المعرفية والإدراكية في الصمم غير المقصود (عدم إدراك المنبه السمعي) وإمكانية التنبؤ بهذه الظاهرة بقياسات العين. أجرى عشرون مشاركًا سيناريوهات مراقبة الحركة الجوية (ATC) - في LABY ATC الشبيهة بالميكروورلد - لتوجيه طائرة واحدة (الحمل المعرفي المنخفض) أو طائرتين (الحمل المعرفي العالي) أثناء الاستجابة للإشعارات المرئية المتعلقة بـ 7 (الحمل الإدراكي المنخفض) أو 21 (الحمل الإدراكي العالي) للطائرات الطرفية. في الوقت نفسه، عزف المشاركون نغمات قياسية كان عليهم تجاهلها (الاحتمال = 0.80)، أو نغمات منحرفة (الاحتمال = 0.20) كان عليهم الإبلاغ عنها. أظهرت النتائج السلوكية أنه لم يتم الإبلاغ عن 28.76 ٪ من الإنذارات في حالة الحمل المعرفي المنخفض وما يصل إلى 46.21 ٪ في حالة الحمل المعرفي العالي. على العكس من ذلك، لم يكن للحمل الإدراكي أي تأثير على معدل الصمم غير المقصود. أخيرًا، كان متوسط قطر حدقة العين للتثبيتات التي سبقت النغمات المستهدفة أقل بكثير في التجارب التي لم يبلغ فيها المشاركون عن النغمات، ومن المحتمل أن يظهروا هفوة لحظية من الاهتمام المستمر، والتي بدورها ارتبطت بحدوث الصمم غير المقصود.

Country
France
Keywords

perceptual load, Cognitive load, Pupil diameter, Cognitive Neuroscience, 150, Epilepsy Detection, Cognition, Cognitive psychology, neuroergonomics, Eye Tracking in Human-Computer Interaction, Psychology, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Inattentional blindness, Inattentional deafness, Neuroergonomics, cognitive load, Cortical Control, Eye Tracking, Life Sciences, Audiology, Brain-Computer Interfaces in Neuroscience and Medicine, Auditory Localization, pupil diameter, Tactile Perception and Cross-modal Plasticity, Stimulus (psychology), Human-Computer Interaction, FOS: Psychology, Perceptual load, inattentional deafness, Computer Science, Physical Sciences, Tactile Perception, Medicine, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Perception, Cognitive Load, Sciences cognitives, Neuroscience

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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