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Signatures of Selection for Environmental Adaptation and Zebu × Taurine Hybrid Fitness in East African Shorthorn Zebu

توقيعات الاختيار للتكيف البيئي ولياقة زيبو × تورين الهجينة في شرق إفريقيا زيبو قصير القرن
Authors: Hussain Bahbahani; Abdulfatai Tijjani; Abdulfatai Tijjani; Christopher Mukasa; David Wragg; Faisal Almathen; Oyekanmi Nash; +10 Authors

Signatures of Selection for Environmental Adaptation and Zebu × Taurine Hybrid Fitness in East African Shorthorn Zebu

Abstract

Les bovins zébus à cornes courtes d'Afrique de l'Est (EASZ) sont des hybrides anciens entre les bovins zébus asiatiques et les bovins taurins africains préférés par les agriculteurs locaux en raison de leur adaptabilité à l'environnement africain. Les contrôles génétiques de ces adaptabilités ne sont pas encore clairement compris. Ici, nous avons génotypé 92 échantillons EASZ du Kenya (KEASZ) avec plus de 770 000 SNP et séquencé le génome d'un pool de 10 KEASZ. Nous observons une structure génomique du zébu × taurine autosomique même mélangée dans la population. Un total de 101 et 165 régions candidates de sélection positive, basées sur des analyses SNP à l'échelle du génome (méta-SS, Rsb, iHS et ΔAF) et une analyse de séquence génomique complète par hétérozygotie (Hp), sont identifiées, dans lesquelles 35 régions sont partagées entre elles. Au total, 142 variantes fonctionnelles, dont une nouvelle, ont été détectées dans ces régions, dont 30 et 26 ont été classées comme étant d'origine zébu et taurine africaine, respectivement. L'analyse du SNP à l'échelle du génome à haute densité des populations de bovins mélangés au zébu × taurine de l'Ouganda et du Nigéria montre que 25 de ces régions sont partagées entre les bovins de KEASZ et de l'Ouganda, et que sept régions sont partagées entre les bovins de KEASZ, de l'Ouganda et du Nigéria. L'identification des régions candidates communes nous permet d'affiner la cartographie de 18 régions. Ces régions recoupent les gènes et le QTL associés à la reproduction et au stress environnemental (par exemple, l'immunité et le stress thermique), ce qui suggère que le génome du bétail mélangé zébu × taurine a été sélectionné de manière unique pour maximiser la capacité de reproduction et de survie des hybrides.

El ganado East African Shorthorn Zebu (EASZ) es un antiguo híbrido entre el zebu asiático y el ganado taurino africano preferido por los agricultores locales debido a su adaptabilidad al medio ambiente africano. Los controles genéticos de estas adaptabilidades aún no se entienden claramente. Aquí, genotipamos 92 muestras de EASZ de Kenia (KEASZ) con más de 770.000 SNP y secuenciamos el genoma de un grupo de 10 KEASZ. Observamos una estructura genómica autosómica mixta de zebu × taurina en la población. Se identifican un total de 101 y 165 regiones candidatas de selección positiva, basadas en análisis de SNP de todo el genoma (meta-SS, Rsb, iHS y ΔAF) y análisis de secuencia del genoma completo de heterocigosidad (Hp) agrupada, en los que se comparten 35 regiones entre ellas. Se han detectado un total de 142 variantes funcionales, una novedosa, dentro de estas regiones, en las que se clasificaron 30 y 26 como de origen cebo y taurino africano, respectivamente. El análisis de SNP de todo el genoma de alta densidad de poblaciones de ganado mixto de cebú x taurina de Uganda y Nigeria muestra que 25 de estas regiones se comparten entre el ganado KEASZ y Uganda, y siete regiones se comparten entre el ganado KEASZ, Uganda y Nigeria. La identificación de regiones candidatas comunes nos permite trazar un mapa fino de 18 regiones. Estas regiones se cruzan con genes y QTL asociados con la reproducción y el estrés ambiental (por ejemplo, inmunidad y estrés por calor), lo que sugiere que el genoma del ganado zebu × taurina mezclado se ha seleccionado de manera única para maximizar la aptitud híbrida tanto en términos de reproducción como de supervivencia.

The East African Shorthorn Zebu (EASZ) cattle are ancient hybrid between Asian zebu × African taurine cattle preferred by local farmers due to their adaptability to the African environment. The genetic controls of these adaptabilities are not clearly understood yet. Here, we genotyped 92 EASZ samples from Kenya (KEASZ) with more than 770,000 SNPs and sequenced the genome of a pool of 10 KEASZ. We observe an even admixed autosomal zebu × taurine genomic structure in the population. A total of 101 and 165 candidate regions of positive selection, based on genome-wide SNP analyses (meta-SS, Rsb, iHS, and ΔAF) and pooled heterozygosity (Hp) full genome sequence analysis, are identified, in which 35 regions are shared between them. A total of 142 functional variants, one novel, have been detected within these regions, in which 30 and 26 were classified as of zebu and African taurine origins, respectively. High density genome-wide SNP analysis of zebu × taurine admixed cattle populations from Uganda and Nigeria show that 25 of these regions are shared between KEASZ and Uganda cattle, and seven regions are shared across the KEASZ, Uganda, and Nigeria cattle. The identification of common candidate regions allows us to fine map 18 regions. These regions intersect with genes and QTL associated with reproduction and environmental stress (e.g., immunity and heat stress) suggesting that the genome of the zebu × taurine admixed cattle has been uniquely selected to maximize hybrid fitness both in terms of reproduction and survivability.

تعد ماشية زيبو شرق إفريقيا (EASZ) هجينًا قديمًا بين ماشية الزيبو الآسيوية × ماشية التوراة الأفريقية التي يفضلها المزارعون المحليون نظرًا لقدرتها على التكيف مع البيئة الأفريقية. الضوابط الوراثية لهذه القدرة على التكيف ليست مفهومة بوضوح بعد. هنا، قمنا بنمط جيني لـ 92 عينة EASZ من كينيا (KEASZ) مع أكثر من 770,000 SNPs وقمنا بتسلسل الجينوم لمجموعة من 10 عينات من KEASZ. نلاحظ حتى التركيب الجيني المختلط للزيبو × التورين في السكان. تم تحديد ما مجموعه 101 و 165 منطقة مرشحة للانتقاء الإيجابي، بناءً على تحليلات SNP على مستوى الجينوم (meta - SS و Rsb و iHS و ΔAF) وتحليل تسلسل الجينوم الكامل للزاوية المتغايرة المجمعة (Hp)، حيث يتم مشاركة 35 منطقة بينها. تم اكتشاف ما مجموعه 142 متغيرًا وظيفيًا، رواية واحدة، داخل هذه المناطق، حيث تم تصنيف 30 و 26 منها على أنها من أصول الزيبو والتورين الأفريقي، على التوالي. يُظهر تحليل SNP عالي الكثافة على مستوى الجينوم لتجمعات الماشية المختلطة من الزيبو × التورين من أوغندا ونيجيريا أن 25 من هذه المناطق مشتركة بين KEASZ والماشية الأوغندية، وسبع مناطق مشتركة عبر KEASZ وأوغندا ونيجيريا الماشية. يسمح لنا تحديد المناطق المرشحة المشتركة برسم خريطة دقيقة لـ 18 منطقة. تتقاطع هذه المناطق مع الجينات و QTL المرتبطة بالتكاثر والإجهاد البيئي (على سبيل المثال، المناعة والإجهاد الحراري) مما يشير إلى أن جينوم الماشية المخلوطة بالزيبو × التورين قد تم اختياره بشكل فريد لزيادة اللياقة الهجينة إلى أقصى حد من حيث التكاثر والبقاء على قيد الحياة.

Countries
France, United Kingdom
Keywords

/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1311, Genotype, Population, Evolutionary biology, QH426-470, meta-analysis of selection signals, Gene, Sociology, positive selection, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Genetics, Genetic variation, Zebu, environmental adaptation, Biology, Demography, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Genome, meta-analyais, signatures of selection, Ecology, Life Sciences, Breed, FOS: Sociology, Balancing selection, cattle, Genetic Architecture of Quantitative Traits, Adaptive Evolution, FOS: Biological sciences, African cattle, Genomic Selection in Plant and Animal Breeding, Population Genetic Structure and Dynamics, Shorthorn, hybrid fitness, Zoology

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
72
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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