In cities, the number of leaf plates decreased by a maximum of 43% in near-field plantings compared with control. The area of sheet plates on the annual shoots — by 28% within the limits of street plantings. In addition to changing the linear dimensions of the assimilation apparatus, an increase in the number of stomachs per 1 mm2 of the leaf surface and an increase in the proportion of closed prostheses was noted, with the fact that in the vast majority this phenomenon was observed on leaf plates of street plants selected from plants, in comparison with the plant material of other urban and country plantings of linden. An increase in the number of capillaries can be considered as a protective reaction of plants to a high concentration of transport emissions in the air. The revealed violations at the level of the leaf apparatus, in turn, led to a decrease in the growth of annual shoots in the city. At the level of the whole plant, the form of crowns changed, the obliteration of the branches decreased, and the indicators of the state of health declined. The morpho-biological changes of the vegetative organs of the linden heart-shaped in the conditions of the urban settlements of the Poltava region could be used for phytodynamic state of the urban environment.