The Neolithic in Lombardy- The planned investigations, thanks to the legislation on preventive archaeology and the monitoring of construction sites intended mainly for the realization of public works, have, in recent years, greatly expanded the number of Neolithic sites. This allows to update the fundamental synthesis proposed by Bernardino Bagolini, Paolo Biagi and Giampiero Guerreschi since the 80s of the last century. Particularly relevant are the new data produced by the research carried out in Varese area, in Mantua (illustrated by speci"c contributions) and in the central and eastern area. They attest for the "rst time the presence in Lombardy of necropolis/burials referring to the Square Mouthed Pottery (SMP) culture, of different types and housing structures and clarify paleoenvironment economic and new aspects of exploitation of resources. The contribution, aimed to de"ning a periodization of the Lombard Neolithic, describing cultural aspects and main "nds in the areas of western Lombardy and eastern Lombardy, proposes the current state of studies and a synthesis based mainly on the results of 14C dating unfortunately still lacking and will take account of the quantitative and qualitative limits of research.