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Die Übersteigerung der Sonatenform. Zu Nikolaj Metners Klaviersonate e-Moll op. 25/2

Authors: Bitzan, Wendelin;

Die Übersteigerung der Sonatenform. Zu Nikolaj Metners Klaviersonate e-Moll op. 25/2

Abstract

Der russische Komponist Nikolaj Karlovic Metner (1880–1951) hat vierzehn Klaviersonaten veroffentlicht, die in ihrer Gesamtheit eine erstaunliche Vielfalt an Formen und dramaturgischen Konzepten aufweisen. Der Werkkorpus beinhaltet sowohl kompakte einsatzige Sonaten, die mitunter in Zyklen von Charakterstucken eingebettet sind, als auch grose Strukturen von geradezu symphonischen Dimensionen. Die Sergej Rachmaninov gewidmete Sonate in e-Moll op. 25/2 (1910–12) ist mit ca. 35 Minuten Spielzeit das langste und vielschichtigste Solowerk Metners; ihre spieltechnischen Anforderungen transzendieren den Anspruch der meisten zu dieser Zeit entstandenen Klavierkompositionen. Damit markiert sie einen Hohepunkt in Metners Sonatenschaffen und nimmt auch im Vergleich mit anderen Sonatenkonzepten des fruhen 20. Jahrhunderts eine besondere Stellung ein. In einer strukturell ambivalenten, einsatzigen Grosform integriert das Werk nicht nur gattungstypische Merkmale (zwei sonatensatzartige Teile, die durch eine ausgedehnte Einleitung und deren Reiterationen miteinander verschrankt werden), sondern auch Elemente der Ritornellform und verschiedene Kanon- und Fugato-Techniken. Die Beigabe eines lyrischen Mottos von Fedor Tjutcev (»Wovon heulst du, Wind der Nacht?«) und eine suggestive Vortragsbezeichnung (»Das ganze Stuck [ist] in einem epischen Geist«) legen auserdem eine hermeneutische Deutungsebene nahe, die auf Einflusse durch die Philosophie und Literatur des russischen Symbolismus verweist. Alle diese Eigenschaften lassen das Werk als einen Kulminationspunkt in der Gattungsgeschichte der Klaviersonate erscheinen. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert die genannten Aspekte aus analytischer, musikasthetischer und rezeptionshistorischer Perspektive. The Russian composer Nikolai Karlovich Medtner (1880–1951) wrote fourteen piano sonatas, which, in their entirety, show an astonishing variety of musical forms and dramaturgic conceptions. This body of work features compact single-movement sonatas of different types – some of which are embedded in cycles of piano miniatures—as well as large structures of quasi-symphonic dimension. The E minor Sonata, Op. 25 No. 2 (1910–12) is Medtner’s most complex and extensive work for solo piano, with its interpretive and technical challenges surpassing the demands of most other piano literature from that time. In this way the sonata (which is dedicated to Sergei Rachmaninov) marks a climax in Medtner’s sonata output and also holds a prominent position in comparison to other sonata conceptions of the early twentieth century. In a large and structurally ambiguous single-movement form, the sonata incorporates not only features typical of the genre (such as two separate sonata-allegro sections, linked by an extended introduction and its reiterations), but also elements of ritornello form, as well as canon and fugato techniques. In addition, a poetic motto by Fyodor Tyutchev (»What do you howl about, night wind?«) and an imaginative performance indication (»The whole piece [is] in an epic spirit«) suggest a hermeneutic interpretation, with particular reference to philosophy and literature of the Russian Symbolist movement. These traits and qualities allow the work to be seen as a culmination point in the history of the genre of piano sonata. The present article discusses the abovementioned aspects from the perspectives of music aesthetics, analysis, and history of reception.

Country
Germany
Keywords

info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/780, Gattungsgeschichte, Hermeneutik, russische Musik, Sonate; Sonatenform, Symbolismus, genre history, hermeneutics, Russian music, sonata, sonata form, symbolism, ddc:780

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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