In the southern part of theRostovregion high temperature and insufficient humidity in soil are the main unfavorable factors that destroy the conventional physiological and biological processes of winter wheat plants and it results in their productivity decrease. As 1000-kernel weight is one of the principal structural elements that have an effect on productivity, the study of this trait under conditions of artificial drought is of great importance. The article presents the study of 1000-kernel weight in 18 samples of winter soft wheat under provoking conditions (“zasushnik”). As a result we have identified the varieties ‘Asket’, ‘Volny Don’, ‘Volnitsa’ and ‘Don107’which possess high index of 1000-kernel weight in the provoking conditions of severe drought (“zasushnik”) in relation to the optimal conditions of development. These varieties have been suggested to use as the initial material for winter soft wheat breeding on drought tolerance.