The aim of the study is to determine the features of geographical terms representing shallow water bodies without a proper name, and lexemes denoting different parts of water bodies in the eastern dialect of the Tatar language. The scientific originality of the research lies in studying the dialectal features of the semantic and etymological nature of the geographical names in the eastern dialect of the Tatar language, denoting parts of water bodies and shallow water bodies. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the lexemes of this category with other dialects and subdialects of the Tatar language and other related (Kyrgyz, Altai, Turkish, etc.) and unrelated languages (Russian) is carried out. The obtained results have shown that under the conditions of long-term coexistence, there was a change in semantics in the direction of expanding or narrowing the meaning of the lexeme, an increase in its morphological derivation.