The aim of the study is to identify the discursive features of Pskov texts of children’s folklore, revealing the picture of the world of childhood in the traditional culture. The article summarizes the information about various genres of children’s folklore related to Pskov region. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the first involvement of a complex of published and archival sources to identify the axiologically significant dominants of childhood in folklore discourse. The study confirms the idea that the model of the child’s world as a dynamic category is manifested in their communicative behaviour with the whole world around. The conclusion about the reflection of the forms of child’s identification, the ways of acquiring protective mechanisms in children’s folklore discourse is substantiated.