The challenge faced by New Zealands fruit vegetable and arable sectors is to reduce the negative impacts of fungicides on market access environmental sustainability and consumer confidence while at the same time achieving adequate disease control for export market and international regulatory requirements Controlling diseases in a humid climate with ever increasing restrictions on agrichemicals and few effective alternatives to fungicides requires redesign of disease management systems Research into redesign includes improved resistance of crop cultivars improved understanding of microbial interactions between fungicides biological controls and nontarget microbes and completely novel methods based on molecular genetics Disease forecasting systems can improve the efficiency of fungicide use The success of new approaches must measured by a reduction in fungicide loading Success depends on the linking of new research to effective technology transfer that will give cropbased industries courage to try new methods and the confidence to know they are not risking their economic viability