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Gazeta de Antropología
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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UCrea
Article . 2023
License: CC BY NC SA
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Comunidades imaginadas y ontologías de la diversidad en Perú

Imagined communities and ontologies of diversity in Peru
Authors: Gómez Pellón, José Eloy;

Comunidades imaginadas y ontologías de la diversidad en Perú

Abstract

RESUMEN: El advenimiento republicano del Perú dio pábulo al nacimiento de una nueva sociedad, presidida por el ideal asimilacionista, que convertía a los indios en ciudadanos iguales a todos los demás. En esta situación, las elites precisaron de una ideología que supeditara la igualdad jurídica a las diferencias consideradas naturales, esto es fenotípicas, a fin de asegurar la posición del grupo dominante frente a sus competidores en la lucha por la explotación de los recursos. La nueva ideología recogerá muchos de los caracteres que ya habían estado presentes en época colonial, pero que acaso no se habían manifestado con tanta intensidad, para construir una teoría explicativa, y supuestamente rigurosa, acerca de la existencia de los sempiternos segmentos de la población peruana, entre los que, al menos, están el criollo, el mestizo y el indígena. Sin embargo, la extraordinaria mezcolanza de la sociedad peruana, firmemente mantenida en el tiempo, niega la existencia de grupos sociales separados, aunque no contradice la presencia de un racismo social que sigue lacerando a la sociedad peruana actual.

ABSTRACT: The republican advent of Peru gave rise to the birth of a new society, presided over by the assimilationist ideal, which turned the Indians into citizens equal to all others. In this situation, the elites needed an ideology that would subordinate legal equality to the differences considered natural, that is, phenotypic, in order to ensure the position of the dominant group against its competitors in the struggle for the exploitation of resources. The new ideology will collect many of the characters that had already been present in colonial times, but that perhaps had not been manifested with such intensity, to build an explanatory theory, and supposedly rigorous, about the existence of the eternal segments of the Peruvian population, among which, at least, are the creole, the mestizo and the indigenous. However, the extraordinary mix of Peruvian society, firmly maintained over time, denies the existence of separate social groups, although it does not contradict the presence of a social racism that continues to lacerate Peruvian society today.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Indígenas, Mestizos, Raza social, Indigenous, Perú, Peru, Racial classifications, Imagined community, Comunidades imaginadas, Comunidad imaginada, Clasificaciones raciales, Imagined communities, Indigenous peoples, Social race

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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