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İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi
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Cüveynî’nin Cevher-Araz Anlayışı Bağlamında Hristiyanlık Eleştirisi

Authors: ŞEKER, Zeynep;

Cüveynî’nin Cevher-Araz Anlayışı Bağlamında Hristiyanlık Eleştirisi

Abstract

The issue of jawhar and ‘arad (substance and accidents), which are discussed by the mutakallimūn (kalam scholars) while they criticize Christianity, especially in the context of the trinity, is important due to Christian’s understanding of jawhar. Juwaynī (d. 478/1085) is one of the scholars who discussed jawhar and ‘arad expansively while criticizing Christian beliefs. This article examines Juwaynī’s arguments about Christian creeds, such as naming God as a jawhar, trinity, and incarnation tenets. It focuses on arguments which are related to jawhar and ‘arad. In order to make the connection between critiques more visible, the article also addresses Juwaynī’s understanding of jawhar and ‘arad, and the cosmological principles that he accepts. The main aim of the article is to give an example of how the cosmological principles of kalām affect mutakallimūn’s methods while they were defending Islam against other religions and doctrines, and how they reflect the theological issues in the case of Juwaynī. In this regard, the article discusses the concept of the trinity and the Christian conflicts about it. Then it handles the main topic and methods that Muslim scholars grounded on while they were criticizing Christianity. Finally, it discusses Juwaynī’s critiques against Christian beliefs. In this way, it aimed to reveal the similarities and differences between Juwaynī and other early period mutakallimūn’s critiques and to present a better understanding of Juwaynī’s criticizing method.

Hristiyanların cevher anlayışlarından dolayı özellikle teslis bağlamındaki Hristiyanlık eleştirilerinde cevher-araz meselesi kelâmcılar tarafından işlenen önemli bir konudur. Hristiyan inançlarına yönelik eleştirilerde cevher-araz meselesini en yoğun işleyenlerden biri de Cüveynî’dir (öl. 478/1085). Bu çalışmada Hristiyanlıkta Tanrı’ya cevher isminin verilmesi, teslis ve enkarnasyon fikirlerini eleştirmek için Cüveynî’nin cevher-araz konularıyla bağlantılı olarak geliştirdiği argümanlar ele alınmaktadır. Eleştirilerdeki bağlantıların görülebilmesi açısından gerekli yerlerde Cüveynî’nin cevher-araz anlayışına, benimsediği kozmolojik ilkelere yer verilmektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı kelâmda aslen vesâil hükmünde olan kozmolojik meselelerdeki kabullerin, İslâm’ı farklı din ve akımlara karşı savunma görevini üstlenen kelâmcıların savunma yöntemlerini nasıl etkilediklerine, teolojik meselelere ne şekilde yansıdıklarına Cüveynî özelinde dikkat çekecek bir örnek sunmaktır. Bu bağlamda Cüveynî’nin eleştirilerinin diğer mütekaddim dönem âlimlerinin eleştirileriyle ortak ve farklı yönlerinin ortaya konulması ve onun eleştiri yönteminin daha iyi anlaşılması için öncelikle Hristiyanların teslis anlayışı, teslis konusundaki ihtilafları ve Müslüman âlimlerin Hristiyanlık eleştirisinde temel aldığı konu ve yöntemlere kısaca değinilmekte ardından Cüveynî’nin eleştirileri ele alınmaktadır.

Keywords

Cüveynî;Teslis;Hristiytanlık;Cevher;Araz, Juwaynī;Trinity;Christianity;Jawhar;‘Arad, Din Araştırmaları, Religious Studies

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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