Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measures the heat flow into or out of a sample as a function of temperature. It is a thermal characterization technique for determination of enthalpy changes (endo- and exothermic) due to changes in physical and chemical properties of a material as a function of temperature or time. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is a technique used to analyze the thermal behavior of solid and semi-solid materials at varying temperatures. It provides valuable information such as the melting temperature (Tm), crystallization temperature (Tc), glass transition temperature (Tg), and the enthalpies of melting and crystallization. Additionally, it can measure the specific heat capacity of materials. The data obtained from DSC is widely used to characterize diverse materials, including polymers, metals, pharmaceuticals, thin films, and proteins. Applications range from determining the optimal storage and processing temperatures for heatsensitive materials to assessing the thermal stability of different substances under elevated temperatures. DSC is also instrumental in detecting impurities, as these influence a material’s thermal properties.