
doi: 10.25560/96515
handle: 10044/1/96515
Since the 90’s, there have been many studies looking at the impact of stratospheric temperature perturbations (STP’s) on the troposphere below, and the mechanisms involved. However, it is not well-understood how these interactions might be modified by atmosphere-ocean coupling. This holds particular relevance to the study of e.g. ozone depletion/recovery in the Southern Ocean region. To investigate this, abrupt uniform, polar, and equatorial STP’s – corresponding to different types of forcings - were applied to the atmosphere of MITgcm in an aquaplanet, double-drake configuration. Each was conducted in three different versions of the model: atmosphere-only, atmosphere + slab-ocean, and fully-coupled atmosphere + ocean. In the atmosphere-only model, atmospheric responses similar to those of previous studies were recorded, underscoring their generic nature. In the coupled models, an initial weakening (~decades), and – in the fully coupled model - subsequent strengthening and poleward-shift (~centuries) of the underlying atmospheric response was produced, in polar/equatorial heating experiments. Uniform heating saw the latter process occur initially too. Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies were found to drive these changes, with extratropical/tropical anomalies controlling the former/latter process. These were in turn attributable to changes in the zonal winds, causing anomalies in the turbulent and ocean heat fluxes, although uniform STP’s saw SST changes that were more controlled by large, near-uniform anomalous downwelling longwave fluxes. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating atmosphere-ocean coupling when studying the effects of STP’s, especially over longer timescales (&100 years). With respect to ozone depletion in the Southern Ocean, they suggest an amplified poleward jet shift which - as greenhouse gases continue to rise – may continue and amplify further into the 21st/22nd century.
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