A very large asymmetric (22×13×7 m) composite payload fairing was developed for launching payloads of unconventional geometry and size on the Atlas V Heavy Lift Vehicle. Currently, no launch system exists that can accommodate these payloads without a redesign of the launch vehicle, integration facility, or both. The asymmetric design was tailored to accommodate very large payloads while maintaining control authority limits of the launch vehicle as it currently stands. An optimal design was achieved through the expertise-guided use of an innovative computational-fluid-dynamics–based geometric optimization. The design was validated through correlation with subscale wind-tunnel testing, and extremely close agreement was achieved between the analysis and test. The final design met all design criteria and does not require significant modifications to existing launch pad integration facilities. The geometry, methods, and processes demonstrated here have wider applicability to the whole range of launch vehicle ...