H. and P. Sydow erected Hapalophragnmium in 1901 on the type species, H. derridis H. & P. Syd. Hapalophragmium is closely related to Triphragmiun Link and Sphaerophragmlium Magnus but differs in the position of teliospore pedicel. In Triphragmniul and Sphaerophragmliumn, teliospores are 3-celled and the pedicel is associated with only one cell. Hapalophragmnium teliospores are 3-celled and the pedicel is oriented between two proximal cells. The third teliospore cell is distal to the proximal cells. In 1904 the Sydows transferred Triphragmium setllosum Pat. to Hapalophragmiumiz on the basis of the teliospore pedicel position. Sydow, Sydow, and Butler (1912) described H. ponderosiiut as the third species. Baccarini (1916) described H. acaciae as the fourth species. Since 1916, 11 species have been added: H. pulchlrum (Rac.) Syd., H. kawakamii Hirat. & Hash., H. mlillettiae Syd., H. tandonii Mitter, H. anamalaiensis T. S. & K. Ramakrishnan, H. mzysorense Thirum., H. millettiae-rhodanthae Vienn.-Bour., H. deightonii Cumm., H. angylocalycis Vienn.-Bour., H. ornatwut Cumm., and H. pieningii Cumm. Thirumalachar (1950) transferred Hapalophraguiiutlz ponderosum to Hapalophragmliopsis because it produced subepidermal spermogonia. He suggested that H. acaciae may belong to Hapalophragmtiopsis but could not decide because it lacks spermogonia. Venkatarayan (1951) reported that the creation of the rust genus Hapalophraygmiopsis by Thirumalachar (1950) was in violation of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature. He reported that "the ending -opsis, though often used in generic names of fungi, is contrary to Recommendations