THIS ARTICLE WAS ORIGINALLY INTENDED to be a critical review of Mr. Ralph Clark's article on "Multilateral Aid" in this issue of Transition. But after reading Mr. Clark's paper I feel that he leaves out so much that is important and relevant that the present article deals with a number of points not mentioned or dealt with satisfactorily by Clark. In particular it is intended to point out the crucial and necessary connection between economic aid and more trade in the development process of underdeveloped countries. What underdeveloped countries want, as was strikingly apparent at the Geneva: World Conference on Trade and Development, is both more aid and more trade: and it is only those very ignorant of the requirements of the development of underdeveloped countries, in the present world setting, who would recommend "trade, not aid".