Vegetative or monogenetic reproduction is not so common in conifers as in woody angiosperms, especially in more favorable habitat sites, yet it occurs even under forest conditions in more species of evergreens than is usually recognized. Apparently it is stimulated by rigorous habitat conditions such as low temperature of arctic and alpine climates, sand dunes and rocky shallow *soils. This type of propagation is a decided aid in ecesis and dominance in a habitat, for it removes multiplication of numbers from the hazards of seedling establishment and development, making the offspring immediately a vital element in the competition for light and moisture with herbaceous plants.