The literature on intra-industry trade has generally focused on manufactured goods. Given the growth of trade in processed agricultural products, this paper examines trade in a sample of high-value products for the US and the EC using indices of intra-industry trade and intra-industry specialization. The results indicate that for total trade in 1986, the EC exhibited more intra-industry trade across the sample than the US, although much of this was due to trade among EC countries. Further, over the period 1977–1986, the EC indicated a greater tendency towards intra-industry specialization in its geographical pattern of trade than the US.