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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao American Educational...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
American Educational Research Journal
Article . 1978 . Peer-reviewed
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Causal Models in Educational Research: Nonrecursive Models

Authors: James G. Anderson;

Causal Models in Educational Research: Nonrecursive Models

Abstract

This paper extends the causal modelling technique described in an earlier article (Anderson and Evans, 1974) to nonrecursive causal models that involve feedback and/or reciprocal causation. The problem of identification is discussed and a rule provided that can be used to determine whether or not a unique set of parameter estimates can be found for each equation that makes up the model. Three different procedures are described for estimating the parameters of these equations, namely, ordinary least squares, indirect least squares, and two-stage least squares. A formula is provided for the derivation of the reduced form of the model. The reduced form provides information concerning the total effect of exogenous variables on endogenous variables in the model. Data from an empirical study have been used to illustrate the causal modelling technique that is described.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
17
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%
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