OBJECTIVE: To present a review on parenteral nutrition in infants and children, characterizing the importance of nutrition therapy to support and recover their nutritional status. METHODS: Articles from specific journals were analyzed. Information was also obtained from the author s own experience in the area. RESULTS: Major recommendations; venous access; protein-energy composition (electrolyte, vitamins and trace elements); formulation; administration; clinical and laboratorial control; and complications were also discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Parenteral nutrition, if well-indicated, is very important for the management of several childhood diseases, allowing the maintenance and restoration of nutritional status