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handle: 2445/124999 , 10609/101913
<p><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p>Las cadenas globales de valor son uno de los elementos más paradigmáticos de la transformación del comercio y la inversión internacional. La industria electrónica es un caso representativo de una actividad integrada globalmente que ha configurado un ecosistema de complejidad creciente. Utilizando una aproximación basada en el uso de las tablas input-output se infiere la naturaleza de los cambios experimentados en la organización internacional de la producción, atendiendo a la distribución geográfica y factorial del valor generado en cada una de las fases productivas por cada uno de los países participantes en la cadena de producción. Por un lado, se confirma que el grado de fragmentación productiva ha aumentado crecientemente, al tiempo que el nodo de Asia oriental se reestructura alrededor de China y se configura como el principal generador de valor en el sector, con una interacción creciente a escala global. Finalmente, se pone de manifiesto un proceso de intensa sustitución factorial en favor del capital y el trabajo más cualificado.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>THE GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN IN THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY</strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Global value chains are one of the most paradigmatic elements of the transformation of international trade and investment. The electronics industry is a characteristic example of a globally integrated activity that has shaped an ecosystem of increasing complexity. Using a methodology based on input-output tables, we infer the essence of the changes experienced in the international organization of production, taking into account the geographical and factorial distribution of the value generated by each member in every stage of the production and distribution processes. On the one hand, it is confirmed that the degree of outsourcing has increased. On the other, that the East Asian pole organized around China has become the main source of value for the industry, with an increasing interaction on a global scale. Finally, it reveals a process of intense factorial substitution in favour of capital and high-skilled labour.</p>
Indústria electrònica, China, Cadenas globales de valor, Empreses multinacionals, Multinacionales, Electronic industry, International trade, Externalitats (Economia), Offshoring, Empresa multinacional, Globalización, Business relocation, Multinational company, World Input-Ouput Database, Globalization (Economics), Globalització, International business enterprises, Global value chains, Comerç internacional, Xina, Externalities (Economics), Deslocalització industrial, Globalització (Economia), Globalization
Indústria electrònica, China, Cadenas globales de valor, Empreses multinacionals, Multinacionales, Electronic industry, International trade, Externalitats (Economia), Offshoring, Empresa multinacional, Globalización, Business relocation, Multinational company, World Input-Ouput Database, Globalization (Economics), Globalització, International business enterprises, Global value chains, Comerç internacional, Xina, Externalities (Economics), Deslocalització industrial, Globalització (Economia), Globalization
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