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Other literature type . 1984
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Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Article . 1984 . Peer-reviewed
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Homology of coverings

Authors: Hempel, John;

Homology of coverings

Abstract

The author is concerned with the following question: Does every closed, orientable, irreducible 3-manifold M with \(\pi_ 1(M)\) infinite have a finite sheeted cover \(\tilde M\) with infinite \(H_ 1(\tilde M) ?\) Such an \(\tilde M\) would be a Haken manifold, so the positive answer to this question would imply existence of finite sheeted Haken covers of M. A general, though somewhat awkward method for computing one-dimensional homology of finite covers of a finite CW-complex X from a presentation of \(\pi_ 1(X)\) was developed by Fox in the early fifties. The author shows how to simplify Fox's technique in the cases of regular abelian and irregular dihedral coverings. This simplified technique is combined with the author-reviewer theory of dual presentations of fundamental groups of 3-manifolds to yield for 3-manifolds with various types of symmetry some conditions which guarantee existence of finite covers with infinite \(H_ 1\). In particular, the author proves that if M (as above) has an involution \(\tau\) : \(M\to M\) and a Heegaard decomposition \(M=V_ 1\cup V_ 2\) such that deg \(\tau\) \(=-1\), \(H_ 1(M/\tau;{\mathbb{Z}}/2{\mathbb{Z}})\neq 0\) and \(\tau\) interchanges \(V_ 1\) and \(V_ 2\) then M has a finite cover with infinite \(H_ 1\).

Related Organizations
Keywords

Fundamental group, presentations, free differential calculus, Topology of general \(3\)-manifolds, one-dimensional homology of finite covers, Haken manifold, finite sheeted cover, 57N10, 57M05, 4-fold simple branched cover of \(S^ 3\), dual presentations of fundamental groups of 3-manifolds, involution, Covering spaces and low-dimensional topology, Heegaard decomposition

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Average
Top 10%
Average
Green
bronze