This study investigated the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) and Information Literacy (IL) skills of librarians in Kerala's Aided and Unaided college libraries. A stratified random sample of 222 librarians provided data via a structured questionnaire covering demographics, educational background, professional experience, and specific competencies related to PCK and IL. Analysis using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests revealed that Aided college librarians generally scored higher in PCK (2.55 vs. 2.46) and IL, particularly in User Needs Identification (4.554 vs. 4.397). Significant differences favoured Aided librarians in technology integration, communication of IL concepts, and session engagement confidence. Challenges included disparities in training opportunities, institutional support, and budget constraints between Aided and Unaided colleges. Aided librarians reported greater access to training (90 vs. 21, p=0.025) and institutional support (70 vs. 41, p=0.045), while Unaided librarians faced more significant budget constraints (35 vs. 76). This study provided insights that could guide strategies to enhance librarian training programs, address identified gaps, and strengthen educational support within Kerala's higher education institutions.